cattle pasture rental rates

Recent findings published from the Nebraska Farm Real Estate Market Highlights 2018-2019 indicate changes in cow-calf and stocker monthly rental rates trended slightly lower when compared to 2018 (Table 1). Very useful and interesting. It only covers cash rents. rental rates as a starting point for negotiations between a landowner and tenant Higher cow and calf prices have some producers and land owners re-visiting their pasture leases. ting pasture rental rates. 260 Heady Hall To calculate pasture and hay land cash rents, use the worksheet in the accompanying “pdf” file that you can access by clicking here, or Decision Tool C2-23, Calculating Pasture and Hay Land Cash Rents. This is measured by computing the animal unit months (AUMs). This is a quick discussion to look at some ballpark ranges on how pasture rental rates can be determined. 518 Farm House Lane Sincerely, Sandy Dales sandadales@rogers.com www.topmanagers.ca "Hello I operate a 1500 acre ranch with about 900 acres of pasture, the ranch is located in the Robson Valley BC. This information comes from a county level “Cash Rents Survey” conducted every other year in all states, except Alaska. There will be … Probably almost no pasture AT ALL. Animal Unit Month (AUM) Lease Rates: MSU Extension MontGuide, January 2021 The Contributions Approach to Pasture Leasing: MSU Extension MontGuide, August 2019 Beef Cattle Share Leases: MSU Extension MontGuide, April 2016 Kathy, For the sake of discussion, if we throw out the high and low, the range is then $12.50 to $56.50 (more than one county reports $12.50). When you download it, type the county you’re interested in and Adobe Acrobat will help you jump to it right away. For pasture rates, the "Pasture Rental Rate Decision Tool" is suggested. The North Dakota Agricultural Sta-tistics Service conducts an annual sur-vey of pasture rental rates for each county and area of the state. Pasture Rental Rate Methods. Up, up in the West That means you’ll still have to do some of your own figuring on how much to charge or pay. Go to the NASS Oregon Field Office website(link is external) 2. Pasture rental rates can be difficult to calculate as many factors such as supervision, carrying capacity, supply and demand, soil moistures, fence conditions, water availability and distance from the tenantâs home base influence rates. Fair pasture and timber pasture users reported rental rates of $32.15 and $28.13, respectively. It relies on the responses of landowners, so what you see is what respondents would have rented land for. Select the latest "Annual Statistical Bulletin" 3. The rates in the table below show a comparison between 2008 through 2011 and summarize the percentage change for the different areas from 2010 to 2011. (just click to see them) but I’m guessing that many of you would still like to see a number to give you a starting point. Rent Paid for Agricultural Land At $140 per acre, the average rate to rent cropland in the United States in 2019 was $2 higher than in 2018. First, tenants and landlords need to determine the propertyâs carrying capacity. (just click to see them) but I’m guessing that many of you would still like to see a number to give you a starting point. Pasture management, animal care, fence repair, minerals provided by cattle owner. Note: Publication MF-1100 with county rental rates is no longer produced. I would like to know what the going rate â¦ However, determining the market value of pastureland is difficult because pasture is seldom sold separately from the farm. Thanks for the information you’ve provided. Non-Irrigated Cropland 3. Pasture rent per acre can be established by charging a rental rate similar to what others are charging. Simple Instructions to Create a New Listing. Doug Mayo, University of Florida Extension director in Jackson County, penned an excellent and informative article on the subject recently, referencing data for pasture rental rates in Florida, Georgia, Alabama and South Carolina. beautiful listing that nearly 900 PastureScout members can search for by state, size, and type. For rental of established hay, an alfalfa/grass summer hay price of $120 per ton and an alfalfa/grass yield of from four to six tons per acre (Table 1) results in a rental rate per acre of from $168 ($120 per ton x 35 percent x 4 tons per acre = $168 per acre) to $252 ($120 per ton x 35 percent x 6 tons per acre = $252 per acre) for hay production. (Click on the map to see a larger version of it.). He did provide additional information about average land values by state. How simple is it to create a PastureScout listing for your pasture or forage lease ? More often than not, I prove to them that it would actually be cheaper for them to send their Information File C2-09, Iowa Farmland Rental Rates (USDA) has information on current values. Something I noticed is that there are quite a few areas in which there is no pasture-rental rate. The rent is $600 (30 AUMs x $20 per AUM) for the summer. Pasture management, animal care, fence repair, minerals provided by cattle owner. Another method is to compute a rental rate based on the sale or market value of the pastureland. Irrigated Cropland 2. Complete Appendix II to determine the costs of both parties. I checked in with Tony Dorn at the National Agricultural Statistics Service and looked at how the survey was done to create this data. She has been researching and working with livestock as a land management tool for over a decade. The guy had 4 calves and two horses. This may not be practical in some situations. Average pasture rental rates by county and region of the state are shown in Information File C2-10, Cash Rental Rates for Iowa Survey. A fellow livestock and natural resource advisor, Glenn Nader, recently shared a source for non-irrigated pasture rental rates on a per acre basis by geographic area in California. Mixing operations cost an average of 46 cents per cwt in 2020, compared to 42 cents per cwt in 2018. Central: 1/3:2/3: 1: 33: Tenant pays all but taxes in 3 of 3 agreements. On years when forage is plentiful, rates run lower than average. Grazing Decision Tool 4. Also, don’t forget that infrastructure and forage are factors in how valuable a piece of property is as pasture. This approach is best suited for stocker and feeder cattle rather than beef cows. I also wonder–it’s probably beyond the scope of the survey you provided us with–how much is native pasture, improved pasture, or just worn-out, beat-to-a-pulp land. Typical rates per AUM by county and region of the state are shown in Information File C2-10, Cash Rental Rates for Iowa Survey. From the pasture owner's point of view, the stocking rate can Thanks to the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, I’ve got that for you. However, since 2010, nonirrigated, irrigated and pastureland cash rental rates are up 28 percent, 23 percent and 16 percent, respectively. The rental rate per acre is from $25 ($100 per ton x 25 percent x 1 ton per acre = $25.00) to $37.50($100 per ton x 25 percent x 1.5 tons per acre = $37.50). Nebraska monthly grazing rates represent a typical fee for one month of grazing during the summer. If the pasture does better than average and grazing can last for 5.5 months, you would receive $3,512 as rent (13.5 x 5.5 x $47.30 = $3,512). of Leases % Reporting Notes; Alberta: South: 1/3:2/3: 2: 100: Tenant pays all but taxes in 0 of 2 agreements. Nebraska Cash Rental Rates Pasture and Cow-Calf Pairs Rental Rates. Pasture Rent by the Acre – Determining the value of pasture land in the real estate market is very difficult because pastures are very seldom sold as a separate entity from the farm enterprise. Information Files C2-70 Farmland Value Survey - Iowa State University and C2-75 Farmland Value Survey - Realtors Land Institute provide information on current pastureland values. This method is based on the carrying capacity of the pasture. If some pasture rents for $10/acre this implies other pasture rents for $78, and the average is still $44. In the past I've rented pasture land per head of cattle, and also utilizied a flatline rent rate. NEXT ARTICLE →Jenn Colby, Progressing Farmer: How to Start Your Own Farm From Scratch, ← PREVIOUS ARTICLEThe Progressing Farmer Buys a Farm Part 2: Getting Your Head Right. This rate would vary depending upon the district of the state and provisions considered as part of the lease. “Pasture lease rates” is one of the searches we see most often at On Pasture. 2 Pasture Rental Rate Options Many options are available to calculate pasture rental rates as a starting point for negotiations between a landowner and tenant. The 2018 cow-calf pair statewide weighted average was $48.41 with a high of $61.63 and a low of $35.26. “Pasture lease rates” is one of the searches we see most often at On Pasture. For example, 10 cows and calves pastured for three months equals 30 AUMs (10 x 1.0 x 3). The two greatest factors of pasture lease value are productivity of the pasture and local demand. However, if a drought shortens grazing to just 4.5 months, rent would be lessened to $2,873 (13.5 x 4.5 x $47.30 = $2,873). Reading Time: 2 minutes Higher cattle prices have some producers and landowners revisiting their pasture leases. Because North Dakota is primarily a cow-calf producing state, the best rental rate options that fit our region are based on: But at least you have some kind of starting point with this. Also, assume the average grass hay price during the summer is $100 per ton. The 1994 rental rates ranged from $6.30 per acre in Williams county to $14.90 Her twelve years at the agency allowed her to pursue her goal of helping communities find ways to live profitably AND sustainably in their environment. “It can be pretty challenging to determine what is a fair price for both parties," Mayo said. There are 546,500 fewer beef cows and replacement heifers competing for pasture than a year ago. Stockers cost a sliding rate depending on performance (mineral paid by owner). âFollowing this approach has pitfalls because the rate may not be reflective of the soil productivity on the farm or there may be a difference between what was rumoured â¦ My preference is a combination of the two with a rental amount that covers all expenses, and extra rent if the land is utilized more than expected. Summary . Note: Publication MF-1100 with county rental rates is no longer produced. For example, pasture with a sale value of $3,600 per acre will rent from $54to $72per acre ($3,600 x 1.5% to 2.0% = $54to $72). More than 200 counties across the Corn B… Since 1975 Alberta Agriculture & Rural Development has annually surveyed custom rates and rental rates to provide information to farmers and custom operators. (Note that the NASS must follow strict confidentiality laws so they cannot release any information on their respondents.) Don Hofstrand, retired extension value added agriculture specialist, agdm@iastate.edu Another rule of thumb that has been used is that seasonal rental rate should be equivalent to 3.5 to 6% of current market value of the pasture land. Another method is to compute a rental rate based on the sale or market value of the pastureland. The 2018 data was collected throughout the state and shows rental rates for cow-calf pairs and yearlings. Grazing Decision Tool Description 5. If the estimated land value is $1,500 per acre: 4.5% of $1,500 = $67.5 per acre for the grazing season ($67.5/5 months = $13.5 per acre per month)/ 3. This survey is typically conducted every three years. You can probably get more precise values for your area by contacting a real estate agent or looking online to see what property typically sells for. Rent is figured by multiplying the value of the gain by the total amount of gain. of Science and Technology For pastureland, the average rate per acre at $13 is $0.50 All rights reserved. Animal Unit Month (AUM) Lease Rates: MSU Extension MontGuide, January 2021 The Contributions Approach to Pasture Leasing: MSU Extension MontGuide, August 2019 Beef Cattle Share Leases: MSU Extension MontGuide, April 2016 With this method, pasture rent is based on the added weight the livestock gain while they are on pasture. See the county-level rental rates publications by Dr. Mykel Taylor below. 3. Department of Economics For example, assume a summer grass hay price of $100 per ton and an unimproved bluegrass pasture yield of from one to one and one-half tons per acre (Table 1). Pasture Rent by the Acre â Determining the value of pasture land in the real estate market is very difficult because pastures are very seldom sold as a separate entity from the farm enterprise. Rental rates for pasturing cattle and sheep vary depending on animal size or weight, condition of pasture, work done by each party and lease length. Copyright © 1995-document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) Thereare several methods for computing a pasture rental rate, and several factors that influence the rental rate. By Kathy Voth / April 17, 2017 / 1 Comment. A second method that is sometimes used to calculate pasture rental is a per head per month charge. Multiplying the rate per AUM by the AUMs per acre results in a rent of $80 per acre ($20 per AUM x 4 AUMs). Stockers cost a sliding rate depending on performance (mineral paid by owner). Good pasture/hay ground had an average rental rate of $40.74 per acre. If the tenant supplied labor and machinery for establishing the hay crop and pays half of the seed and fertilizer costs, then a rental rate equal to 50 percent of the value of the hay crop would be more appropriate. Pasture rental rates vary according to the quality of stand, type of foragespecies, amount of timber, condition of the fences, availability of water, and previous fertility practices on the pasture. Then rents can be based on one of the following: 1. per acre of pasture, The average rates for rolling and mixing and for grinding and mixing in 2020 were 90 cents per cwt and 91 cents per cwt, respectively, compared with 88 cents per cwt and 64 cents … Ames, IA 50011-1054, agdm@iastate.edu Pasture rental rate would be 25% of hay price (.25 x 40 = 10) times the pasture production of 2.5 tons or: 10 x 2.5 = 25 dollars per acre. Data are usually, but not always, listed two ways 1. That chart is below. The U.S. cattle herd is now 6.6% under the 1996 peak of 103.5 mil- lion head. Depending on the ownership of the cattle, the pasture owner may also bear some of the risk of cattle death loss. It is a specialized question and I thought maybe someone could help. The Board adopted a tiered grazing rate structure effective January 1, 2016. Several rule-of-thumb formulas have been developed for determining pasture rental rates on an animal-unit-per-month (A.U.M.) Graziers worry about rising lease rates in the face of stable to decreas- ing cattle prices. Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle(Animal unit, cow-calf pair, o… The rental rate reported for 1984 was $36.40 per acre.) Mineral paid by cattle owner. 1) $18 per month per pair. Native pasture rental rates were lowest in northwest Oklahoma at $11.61 per acre and highest in eastern Oklahoma at $17.97 per acre. There were few responses in previous years. For example, assume the average weight per animal is 585 pounds at the beginning of the period and 815 pounds at the end. 641-732-5574 phone. S. Aaron Smith, Associate Professor . Pasture per Acre Average Rental Rates â2020 Season North $26/ac 6% Northwest $12/ac 9% Southwest $20/ac 5% Central $35/ac 11% Northeast $63/ac 8% East $51/ac 9% Southeast $48/ac 4% South $37/ac 10% Source: Nebraska Farm Real Estate Market Development Survey, 2020. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics . Gary Schnitkey • farmland prices and rents • Cash rents in Illinois remained roughly the same in 2019 as in 2018, continuing a string of years with little changes in cash rents. The rental rate per AUM is $20 ($100 x .20). See the county-level rental rates publications by Dr. Mykel Taylor below. For example, pasture with a sale value of $3,600 per acre will rent from $54to $72per acre ($3,600 x 1.5% to 2.0% = $54to $72). In a normal year the value of gain of livestock on pasture is from 50 to 60 cents per pound of gain. Farmland Value Survey - Iowa State University, Farmland Value Survey - Realtors Land Institute, “pdf” file that you can access by clicking here, Calculating Pasture and Hay Land Cash Rents. Pasture Rental rates per acre in the state of Ohio ranged from $12.50 to $66.50 across 34 reporting counties in the state of Ohio in 2019 (USDA NASS). Based on Gain - … The Land Board tracks grazing rates through a statewide survey of private leases. This publication presents a summary of custom work and rental rates. Crops only. Some pasture may produce 4 tons of forage in a season or only 1 ton. Land rented for a share of the crop, on a fee per head, per pound of gain, by animal unit month (AUM), rented free of charge, or land that includes buildings such as barns are excluded from the survey. basis or on a per-acre basis. In Mississippi, pastures can range from 0.55 to 1.5% of the farm land value (personal observation). If the rental rate is 60 cents per pound of gain, the rental charge is $138 per head (60 cents x 230 pounds). Despite a prolonged downturn in the price of many farm commodities, USDAâs state-level estimates of cash rents for cropland and We need $15,000 every year to meet our grant match and keep great articles coming. Computing a Cropland Cash Rental Rate (File C2-20) Computing a Pasture Rental Rate (File C2-23) Flexible Farm Lease Agreements (File C2-21) Definitions. ADVERTISEMENT One half (51%) of all reported rates were calculated on a per acre basis. In this article, average cash rents for 2019 are shown for the state of Illinois and counties in Illinois. When she's not helping farmers, ranchers and land managers on-site, she writes articles, and books, and edits videos to help others turn their livestock into landscape managers. 2019 Pasture Leasing Arrangements In Kansas Farm Management - Choose - Precision Agriculture Farm Profitability Finance & Business Planning Machinery Land Buying & Valuing Land Rental Rates Gain from pasture forage can be valued at about two-thirds to three-fourths the feed costs of gain in a feedlot. Table 2 can be used for figuring AUMs. Every other year, USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service releases county-level cash rents for non-irrigated and irrigated cropland as well as pasture for all counties with more than 20,000 acres of cropland and pasture. To compute a rental rate based on forage value, estimate the expected pasture or hay production per acre and multiply by either 25 percent of the price of grass hay during the grazing season for pasture, or 35 percent of the price of hay for an established stand of hay. rental rate within the constraints of the going market rate in the area for pasture of similar forage productivity and improvements. For example, the Central District average cow-calf pair monthly rental rate of $50.70 multiplied by five would be $253.50 per cow-calf pair for the 2019 grazing season. See the 2016 Grazing Rate Chart for current rates. Do these prices seem low to you? Year State County Pastureland Irrigated Cropland Non-irrigated Cropland 2016 ALABAMA AUTAUGA 18 33.5 2016 ALABAMA BULLOCK 19 29 2016 ALABAMA DALLAS 15.5 31 2016 ALABAMA ELMORE 18.5 38.5 Published in 1998, OSU Bulletin 872, Maximizing Fall and Winter Grazing of Beef Cows and Stocker Cattle, presents calculations using the rent per unit of livestock on a monthly basis using the formula animal weight per 1,000 lbs x hay price per ton x pasture â¦ We’ve published a lot of articles on how to determine rental rates and how to write up a lease agreement, etc. ting pasture rental rates. Rental rates for supervised pasture are generally about $5 to $9 more per month per cow than unsupervised grazing land and can be worth the money depending on conditions, he added. Another rule of thumb that is often used is that seasonal rental rates should be equivalent to 3.5 to 6% of current market value of the pasture land. Missouri Cash Rent County Estimates (September 2019) 1 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Heartland Regional Field Office Released September 10, 2019 Missouri Cash Rent County Estimates Cash Rent by Land Type and County – Missouri: 2019 County, district, and state Irrigated cropland Non-Irrigated cropland Pastureland We were leasing a 4 acre pasture with a 4 stall horse barn and a 10 acre pasture for $450/month. Bluestem Pasture Rates Is there a simple and uniform method of figuring a rental rate for pasture and hay land? These rates are only intended as a guide. Pasture Grazing Rental Rates University of Minnesota Extension Regional Educator David Bau has this to say in the University of Minnesota Extension Farm Resource Guide 2013. And if you like this, consider supporting On Pasture. Simple is the key here to this simple pasture rental contract. Percent of land value. Further, 84 Previous cash rent surveys reported pasturing cattle by stocking rate. The amount of gain is 230 pounds (815 pounds - 585 pounds). â Results from the 2018 SDSU South Dakota Farm Real Estate Survey are now available on iGrow.org. Note that forage consumption normally parallels the weight of the animal. Other pastures cost up to $90. The figures are per year (not per month). Pasture rent is then figured at the same percentage of comparable cropland rents. From 2019 to 2020, Tennessee cash rental rates for nonirrigated cropland decreased 2 percent, while Mineral paid by cattle owner. Using this data, the Board may adjust rates to reflect the changes in private rates. âPasture rental rates can be difficult to figure out because there are many factors to consider such as local availability of land and pasture, localized demand, quality of the pasture, condition of the existing fences and water, and â¦ Texas farmers paid more to rent pasture and crop land over the past year, according to a new rental rates report from the USDA. That information might also be helpful in factoring in what a reasonable rental rate for pastureland is. A second method that is sometimes used to calculate pasture rental is a per head per month charge. Some Nebraska pastures are being rented for as little as $20 per pair per month, maybe even less. Most landowners I know prefer a flatline rental rate, while renters prefer 'per head'. 1. Can anyone help me answer this question that was sent in to www.topmanagers.ca. From 2019 to 2020, Tennessee cash rental rates for nonirrigated cropland decreased 2 percent, while irrigated cropland increased 3 percent and pastureland rates increased by 5 percent, as reported by USDA-NASS. There is also the "Bluestem Pasture Report". Reading Time: 2 minutes Determining a fair rental rate isnât easy, says provincial farm business management specialist Dean Dyck âOften, people use what others are charging or paying in the local area,â said Dyck. This is similar to the drop in cropland rental rates and reflects the decline in row crop and cattle prices the past couple years. We’ve published a lot of articles on how to determine rental rates and how to write up a lease agreement, etc. pasture rental rates are published annually in Form Real Estate Market Developments, USDA, ERS, Washington, D.C. Pasture rental rate would be 25% of hay price (.25 x 40 = 10) times the pasture production of 2.5 tons or: 10 x 2.5 = 25 dollars per acre. Look on the Table of Contents (page 2) under PRICES 4. Many leases run for a five-month grazing season â¦ They did to On Pasture author Doug McCarty who wrote to me noting that he was aware of people in his area of Lane County, Oregon who were willing to pay more, or had actually paid more, than the $19.50 per acre per year provided in this table. So simple that after watching this 2-minute video you will be well on your way to creating an organized, informative, and (if you include a picture - highly recommended!) âIt can be pretty challenging to determine what is a fair price for both parties," Mayo said. There can be a wide variation in pasture rental rates. This is a PDF file. With this method, the livestock owner pays rent according to the number of animals grazed and length of time the pasture is used. For pasture rates, the "Pasture Rental Rate Decision Tool" is suggested. To determine the rent payment, it is necessary for the cattle to be weighed or an average weight estimated before they are placed on pasture and after they are taken off pasture. Recent findings published from the Nebraska Farm Real Estate Market Highlights 2017-2018 indicate changes in Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. Tennessee Cropland, Irrigated Cropland and Pastureland Cash Rental Rates for 2020 . 2) 95 cents per day per pair. I checked out the ones I know of and I think it is because there is NO pasture there for rent. Cropshare Rental - cropland Location Landlord:Tenant No. BROOKINGS, S.D. Some years, when forage is short, they run higher. Use hay prices corresponding to the type and quality of the stand. Number of responses – number of individuals who reported typical rental rates for each county. The contract does not have to be 600 pages long, but it does need to include all parameters for inputs and expenses. Determining Pasture Rental Rates. Pasture management, animal care, fence repair provided by landowner. 2) 95 cents per day per pair. Some typical pasture production levels are shown in Table 1. An AUM is the amount of forage required to support a 1,000 pound cow with a calf up to 4 months of age for one month. Pasture rent may range from 1.5 to 2.0 percent of market value. Cash rental rates for privately owned, non-irrigated pasture in Colorado in 2013 re paid we on a âper acreâ or a âper head per monthâ basis. I included the irrigated and non-irrigated cropland in case some of you are interested in that as well. They are not to be interpreted as the rates you must charge or pay. Animal Unit Month is defined as the amount of forage or feed required to feed 1,000 pounds of animal weight for 30 days (See Table 1âAnimal Units). A brome grass pasture may produce four AUMs per acre during the grazing season (Table 1). Pasture grazing rents have ranged from: $12.00 - $90.00 per acre, or 20 -70 cents per cow unit per day, or $8.00 - $21.00 per cow unit per month, depending upon pasture Pasture management, animal care, fence repair provided by landowner. Calculating Rental Rates There are several methods which landlords and tenants can use to determine pasture rental rates. Kathy worked with the Bureau of Land Management for 12 years before founding Livestock for Landscapes in 2004. With regards to native pasture, the state average rental rate of $15.33 per acre increased more than $1 per acre compared to the 2016 rate of $13.95. <1.4 pound per day costs 60 cents per pound; However Tony noted that some rents may be higher and others lower. Overall, a month's pasture rent per cow-calf pair dropped 5%-10% compared to last year. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Pasture Rental Rates by County in $/Acre Information provided by USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service based on a survey of farmers in the fall of 2016. 1. There is also the "Bluestem Pasture Report". Becky G. Bowling, Extension Specialist . Probably not, but guidelines are available. The most recent release, September 2019, showed county-level rental rates for non-irrigated cropland ranging from less than $10 per acre in several Western states to more than $250 per acre across portions of the Corn Belt in Illinois and Iowa. William Edwards, retired economist. If you have the opportunity to rent some pasture for your livestock, you shouldnât agree to anything without a simple pasture rental contract.. For example, a $100 grass hay price and a tallgrass pasture rating of .20 results in a rental rate per AUM of $20 ($100 x .20). If 10, 000 1,000-pound cows with a calf by their side are pastured for three months, 30 AUMs of pasture are used during the summer. R1823 (Revised) North Dakota State University, Fargo, N.D. April 2019 Determining Pasture Rental Rates Kevin K. Sedivec, Extension Rangeland Management Specialist Miranda Meehan, Extension Livestock Environmental Stewardship Specialist John Dhuyvetter, Area Extension Livestock Systems Specialist Miranda Meehan, NDSU It is difficult to get exact prices on rental rates, but the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service conducts annual surveys of livestock producers by state, region and county to get data on what they pay for pasture. W 377 . In Mississippi, pastures can range from 0.55 to …

cattle pasture rental rates 2021